Upon hearing someone’s speech, a listener can access information such as the speaker’s age, gender identity, socioeconomic status, and their linguistic background. However, an open question is whether living in diferent locales modulates how listeners use these factors to assess speakers’ speech. Here, an audio-visual test was used to measure whether listeners’ accentedness judgments and intelligibility ...

In the following, I will briefly outline how Krashen's Input Hypothesis, Acquisition/Learning distinction, and the Natural Order Hypothesis hold up when seen through the lens of usage‐ based approaches. A number of frameworks fall under the umbrella label of usage‐based approaches, including cognitive‐functional linguistics (Evans et al., 2007), usage‐based construction grammar (Goldberg, 2006, ...

Herein, we contextualize, problematize, and offer some insights for moving beyond the problem of monolingual comparative normativity in (psycho) linguistic research on bilingualism. We argue that, in the vast majority of cases, juxtaposing (functional) monolinguals to bilinguals fails to offer what the comparison is supposedly intended to do: meet the standards of empirical control in line with the ...